SA国际传媒

BIOL 100 Introductory Biology (5) NSc
Develops an awareness of science by studying basic biological principles and their application to problems of humans and society in the contexts of special topics or themes, which vary quarter to quarter. For non-science majors only.

BIOL 103 Sex, Death, and Evolution (2) NSc
Evolution is the conceptual foundation for all the life sciences. Overview of theoretical and empirical evolutionary biology using examples that involve sex and/or death. Designed for non-majors.

BIOL 106 Introductory Biology Seminar (1/3, max. 6) NSc
Focuses on current topics in biology. Topics vary from quarter to quarter. Designed to enhance learning skills of students who intend to take BIOL 180/BIOL 200/BIOL 220 and major in one of the biological sciences.

BIOL 108 Evolution and Human Behavior (5) SSc/NSc
Introduction to evolution by natural selection, examining the light it can throw on human biology and behavior in such areas as the nature of sex differences, sexual conflict, and conflict between parents and children. Offered: jointly with BIO A 100.

BIOL 110 Freshman Discovery Seminar in Biology (5) NSc
Introduces incoming freshman to research basics and scholarly inquiry skills used in the study of biology.

BIOL 113 Introduction to Biosciences (1-3, max. 6) NSc
Independent study/topics related to material taken in BIOL 180, BIOL 200, and BIOL 220. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 118 Survey of Physiology (5) NSc
Human physiology, for non-majors and health sciences students. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 119 Elementary Physiology Laboratory (2) NSc
Introductory physiology topics in human physiology and anatomy. Prerequisite: BIOL 118, which may be taken concurrently. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 120 Current Controversies in Biology (2-5, max. 6) NSc
Explores a current controversial topic in biology, stressing information needed by the general public to make informed personal, political, and ethical decisions relating to this topic.

BIOL 130 Introduction to Neuroscience (4) NSc
Provides a broad introduction to the study of brain function in humans and other animals. Emphasizes how circuits within the brain process sensory information and generate complex movements. Cannot be taken if credit received for either NEUSCI 301, NEUSCI 301, or BIOL 461. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 161 Advanced Placement (AP) in General Biology 1 (5-) NSc
Course awarded based on Advanced Placement (AP) score. Consult the Admissions Exams for Credit website for more information. Credit/no-credit only.

BIOL 162 Advanced Placement (AP) in General Biology 2 (-5) NSc
Course awarded based on Advanced Placement (AP) score. Consult the Admissions Exams for Credit website for more information. Credit/no-credit only.

BIOL 180 Introductory Biology (5) NSc
Mendelian genetics, evolution, biodiversity of life forms, ecology, and conservation biology. Open to all students interested in biology whether intending to major in the biological sciences, enroll in preprofessional programs, or fulfill a Natural World requirement. First course in a three-quarter series (BIOL 180, BIOL 200, BIOL 220). Maximum 15 credits allowed between BIOL 180; BIOL 200; BIOL 220 (or equivalents); and BIOL 240. Course equivalent to: B BIO 180. Course overlaps with: T BIOL 120. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 200 Introductory Biology (5) NSc
For students intending to take advanced courses in the biological sciences or enroll in preprofessional programs. Metabolism and energetics, structure and function of biomolecules, cell structure and function, animal development. Second course in a three-quarter series (BIOL 180, BIOL 200, BIOL 220). Maximum 15 credits allowed between BIOL 180; BIOL 200; BIOL 220 (or equivalents); and BIOL 240. Course equivalent to: B BIO 200. Course overlaps with: T BIOL 130. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 1.7 in either BIOL 180, B BIO 180, T BIOL 120, or TESC 120; either CHEM 143, CHEM 145, CHEM 223, CHEM 237, or OCEAN 295, or concurrently taking either CHEM 220, CHEM 152, CHEM 153, or CHEM 155. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 220 Introductory Biology (5) NSc
For students intending to take advanced courses in the biological sciences or enroll in preprofessional programs. Animal physiology, plant development and physiology. Final course in a three-quarter series (BIOL 180, BIOL 200, BIOL 220). Maximum 15 credits allowed between BIOL 180; BIOL 200; BIOL 220 (or equivalents); and BIOL 240. Course equivalent to: B BIO 220. Course overlaps with: T BIOL 140. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 200, B BIO 200, or T BIOL 130. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 250 Marine Biology (3/5) NSc
Lecture-laboratory course in marine biology focusing on physical, biological, and social aspects of the marine environment. Topics include oceanography, ecology, physiology, behavior, conservation, fisheries, exploration, and activism. Weekend field trip. Honors section research project. Course equivalent to: FHL 250 (when FISH 250/BIOL 250/OCEAN 250 is 5 credits). Course overlaps with FHL 250 (when FISH 250/BIOL 250/OCEAN 250 is 3 credits ). Offered: jointly with FISH 250/OCEAN 250; AS.

BIOL 270 Data Reasoning in a Digital World (4) SSc
Our world is rife with misinformation. This is a course about "calling b***s*** on" - spotting, dissecting, and publicly refuting - false claims and inferences based on quantitative, statistical, and computational analysis of data. Spotting misinformation; causal fallacies; statistical traps; data visualization; big data; interpreting scientific claims; fake news and social media; refutation techniques. Prior math/stat background unnecessary. Course overlaps with: INFO 270. Offered: A.

BIOL 280 The History of Life (4) NSc
Follows the history of life from its first formation including the origin of life and life's diversification from single cells through multi-celluarity. Examines fossils and DNA evidence from understanding the sequence of events and evolutionary history of life.

BIOL 293 Study Abroad - Biology (1-10, max. 10) NSc
For participants in UW Study Abroad program. Specific content varies and must be individually evaluated. Credit does not apply to major requirements without approval.

BIOL 302 Laboratory Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology (4) NSc
Explores the use of various cell and molecular laboratory techniques, such as PCR, cloning, gel electrophoresis, and bacterial transformation through hands-on experiments. Students produce a portfolio of techniques they have learned. Prerequisite: either BIOL 355 or a minimum grade of 2.5 in either BIOL 200, BIOL 240, B BIO 200, or T BIOL 130.

BIOL 305 Science Communication: Video Storytelling in Biology (3) NSc/A&H
Students make a short film on a biological story, concept, or theory. Includes developing a storyline, getting the shots to make compelling viewing, editing, and producing a short video. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 310 Survey of Human Anatomy (5) NSc
Covers the major systems of the human body (integumentary, skeletomuscular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular and reproductive) and the interactions of cells and tissues that help humans live, grow and change. Focus on anatomy (not physiology) to offer students a greater understanding of the structures, development, and evolution of the of human body. Course overlaps with: BIO A 270 and NURS 301/B STR 301. Offered: ASp.

BIOL 311 Biology of Fishes (5) NSc
Covers morphological, physiological, behavioral, and ecological diversity of fishes of the world; designed to provide a basic foundation for advanced courses in all areas of aquatic sciences. Course equivalent to: FHL 305. Offered: jointly with FISH 311; A.

BIOL 315 Biological Impacts of Climate Change (3) NSc
Covers the biological impacts of climate change, including changes in species distributions and interactions, altered phenology, and ecosystem dynamics. Discusses implications of these biological impacts for society (e.g., food security, public health, and resource management). Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120.

BIOL 331 Landscape Plant Recognition (3) NSc
Field recognition of important groups of woody landscape plants, emphasizing diversity at the genus and family levels. Cultivated plant nomenclature. Plant descriptive characters evident in the field with eye and hand lens. Hardiness and landscape applications. Offered: jointly with ESRM 331; Sp.

BIOL 340 Genetics and Molecular Ecology (5) NSc
Application of molecular markers to ecology, evolution, and the management of living resources. Emphasis on understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the approach based on case studies. Prerequisite: BIOL 200. Offered: jointly with FISH 340; A.

BIOL 350 Foundations in Physiology (3) NSc
Physiology core course for biological sciences majors. Analysis of basic principles of animal and plant physiology, with emphasis on cellular processes that mediate organismic processes. Serves as gateway to upper-division courses in physiology. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 354 Foundations in Evolution and Systematics (3) NSc
Evolution and systematics core course for biological sciences majors. Emphasizes patterns, processes, and consequences of evolutionary change. Serves as gateway to 400-level courses and seminars in evolution, population genetics, sociobiology, conservation biology, phylogenetics, and systematics. Course overlaps with: T BIOL 222. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, T BIOL 120, or BIO A 201. Offered: ASp.

BIOL 355 Foundations in Molecular Cell Biology (4) NSc
Cell biology core course for biological sciences majors. Emphasis on molecular approaches to understand cell structure, function, and regulation, and the analysis of experimental design and data interpretation. Serves as a prerequisite to advanced 400-level cell, molecular, and developmental biology courses and seminars. Prerequisite: a minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 200, BIOL 240, B BIO 200, or T BIOL 130. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 356 Foundations in Ecology (3) NSc
Ecology core course for biological sciences majors. Emphasizes understanding species interactions in biological communities and relationships of communities to environment. Serves as a prerequisite to 400-level courses and senior seminars in ecology, population, and conservation biology. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120. Offered: AW.

BIOL 359 Foundations in Quantitative Biology (3) NSc, RSN
Quantitative skills used in biology, with a focus on applying those skills to current biological issues. Topics include data analysis, probabilities, statistics, algorithms, and numerical simulations. No math or statistics background required. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or BIOL 240.

BIOL 381 Introduction to Athletic Training (Lower Extremity) ([1-3]-, max. 3)
Topics and principles of athletic training, with internship hours in the Husky Athletic Training Room assisting with the 21 Husky varsity sports. Exposes students to the work of an athletic trainer within the sports medicine team. Focuses on lower extremities. Prerequisite: BIOL 220. Offered: A.

BIOL 382 Introduction to Athletic Training (Upper Extremity) (-[1-3]-, max. 3)
Topics and principles of athletic training, with internship hours in the Husky Athletic Training Room assisting with the 21 Husky varsity sports. Exposes students to the work of an athletic trainer within the sports medicine team. Focuses on upper extremities. Prerequisite: BIOL 381. Offered: W.

BIOL 383 Introduction to Athletic Training (Core) (-[1-3], max. 3)
Topics and principles of athletic training, with internship hours in the Husky Athletic Training Room assisting with the 21 Husky varsity sports. Exposes students to the work of an athletic trainer within the sports medicine team. Focuses on trunk and spine. Prerequisite: BIOL 382. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 385 Evolutionary Medicine and Public Health (3) NSc
Explores evolutionary causes of health and disease. Considers how natural selection and the legacies of our human, primate, mammalian and bacterial ancestries have shaped our biology. Topics include mental disorders, aging, cancer, diet, obesity, diabetes, infectious diseases, racism, and health differences between human groups. Course overlaps with: BIO A 351. Prerequisite: either BIO A 201 or BIOL 180. Offered: jointly with BIO A 355.

BIOL 396 Peer Facilitation - Teaching in Biology (1-4, max. 10) NSc
For undergraduates working in biology courses as peer facilitators. Peer facilitators assist with labs, lectures, and course administration and gain direct classroom experience. No independent teaching or grading. Opportunities vary by quarter and instructor. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, or BIOL 356.

BIOL 397 Preparing Specimens for Ornithological Collections and Research (5, max. 10) NSc
Focuses on the physiology and preparation of birds for use in scientific collections, including hands-on methods for sustainable and accurate display. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or BIOL 240 Offered: W.

BIOL 399 Biology Internship Program (2-12, max. 15) NSc
Coordinated internship in a biology-related field. Allows a structured, real world biology work experiences off-campus. All internships must be approved by instructor. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 400 Experiments in Molecular Biology (4) NSc
Integrated reading, writing, and experimentation in molecular biology. Design and implementation of experiments using modern molecular biology techniques to address current questions in biology. Emphasizes reading and evaluating primary research literature. Includes practice in different scientific writing styles. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in BIOL 355.

BIOL 401 Current Topics in Cell and Developmental Biology (4) NSc
Discusses selected topics in cell molecular and developmental biology. Emphasis on interpreting primary literature; hypothesis development; experimental design; scientific communication skills. Prerequisite: BIOL 355. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 402 Functional Genomics (4) NSc
Students perform initial characterization of novel genes through epitope tagging and localization. Skills covered include: preparation of solutions, Genomic Database queries, PCR, electrophoresis, DNA purification, cloning, transformation, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in BIOL 355.

BIOL 403 Knowledge Synthesis in Cell Biology (4) NSc
Develops critical thinking skills through evaluating scientific literature and formulating conceptual models of cellular processes. Synthesizes evidence to distinguish claims from data, uses models to generate predictions, and designs experiments. By interpreting data, assessing techniques, and identifying knowledge gaps, students build a sophisticated understanding of topics such as how viruses enter cells and how cells sense mechanical forces. Recommended: BIOL 355 or equivalent. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 404 Animal Physiology: Cellular Aspects (3) NSc
Examines the physiology of membrane transport, nervous signaling, sensory systems, behavioral modulation, muscle, neuronal and endocrine integration, and circadian rhythms. Emphasis on the cellular and tissue level. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140; either CHEM 224 or CHEM 239. Offered: A.

BIOL 405 Cellular and Molecular Biology of Human Disease (3) NSc
Emphasizes the understanding of disease mechanisms through studies of genetic and cellular basis of human disease and disease models. Based on analyses of primary research articles. This course does not cover infectious diseases. Prerequisite: BIOL 355.

BIOL 406 Conservation of Large Vertebrates (3) NSc
Conservation of highly mobile megafauna across terrestrial and marine systems. Threats unique to large vertebrate species. Established and emerging scientific, management, and technological frameworks for their conservation. Topics include trophy hunting; challenges for migratory species; human-wildlife conflict; impacts of climate change on highly mobile species as well as emerging solutions. Prerequisite: either BIOL 315, BIOL 356, BIOL 433/MARBIO 433, BIOL 476, ESRM 350, ESRM 450, ESRM 458, ESRM 459, FISH 323, or FISH 464.

BIOL 407 Stem Cell Biology (4) NSc
Provides a solid foundation in stem cell biology. Students learn about stem cells in different developmental contexts, development of stem-cell based organoids, and promise of stem cells in clinical applications. Prerequisite: BIOL 355. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 408 Neuroethology (4) NSc
Comparative exploration of the neural, hormonal, and genetic mechanisms that control behaviors necessary for survival and reproduction in animals. Model systems discussed include animal communication, mate choice, escape behavior, spatial orientation, homing and migration, and biological rhythms. Students are expected to understand fundamental concepts of neuroscience from any of the following prerequisite courses. Course overlaps with: B BIO 385. Prerequisite: either PSYCH 333 OR BIOL 220. Offered: jointly with PSYCH 408.

BIOL 410 Marine Ecology of the Salish Sea (5) NSc
Field-oriented study of ecology of the Salish Sea. Students live and study at the Friday Harbor Laboratories, a seaside setting for immersive learning. Students observe relationships between coastal organisms and their environment, and explore processes by which these relationships change over time and location. Lecture, field, and laboratory activities focus on habitats and species of ecological, economic, and/or cultural importance. Prerequisite: FISH 250/OCEAN 250/BIOL 250 or BIOL 356. Offered: jointly with FHL 420; Sp.

BIOL 411 Developmental Biology (4) NSc
Embryology and subsequent development of vertebrate and invertebrate animals, including Xenopus, mammals, chicks, Drosophila, echinoderms. Morphological changes in developing animals; experimental analysis of developing systems; underlying genetic and biochemical regulation of development. Course equivalent to: B BIO 460. Prerequisite: BIOL 355 Offered: AW.

BIOL 412 Developmental Biology Lab (4) NSc
Introduces the methods of studying developmental processes in embryos. Uses modern techniques to study cell lineages and gene expression in embryos. Presents and discusses comparative genomics and modeling gene networks in embryos. Practices scientific writing skills. Prerequisite: either BIOL 302, BIOL 350, BIOL 355, or BIOL 411.

BIOL 413 Survey of Human Anatomy (5) NSc
Covers the major systems of the human body (integumentary, skeletomuscular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular and reproductive) and the interactions of cells and tissues that help humans live, grow and change. Focus on anatomy (not physiology) to offer students a greater understanding of the structures, development, and evolution of the of human body. Course overlaps with: BIO A 270 and NURS 301/B STR 301. Prerequisite: BIOL 118 or BIOL 220. Offered: ASp.

BIOL 414 Molecular Evolution (5) NSc
Survey of empirical approaches to the study of molecular evolution and ecology, drawing on examples from a variety of taxa and the recent literature. Topics include DNA sequencing and systematics, fingerprinting approaches in behavioral ecology, and adaptive evolution at the molecular level. Prerequisite: BIOL 354. Offered: jointly with GENOME 414.

BIOL 415 Evolution and Development (3) NSc
Analysis of intertwined developmental and evolutionary processes studied through evolution of developmental genes, proteins, and expression patterns in different organisms. Includes reading and analyzing implications for ecology evolution, and human disease. Prerequisite: either a minimum grade of 3.0 in BIOL 200, BIOL 240, B BIO 200, or T BIOL 130, or a minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 354 or BIOL 355.

BIOL 416 Molecular Genetics of Plant Development (3)
Plant growth and development examined in molecular-genetic terms. Covers mutation, dominance, redundancy, epistasis, and key technologies for discovery of gene function as well as embryogenesis, meristem formation, flower development, and other problems in plant development. Prerequisite: BIOL 355 and either GENOME 361, or GENOME 371.

BIOL 417 Comparative Reproductive Physiology of Vertebrates (4) NSc
Compares the reproductive physiology of fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350 or BIOL 355.

BIOL 418 Biological Clocks and Rhythms (4) NSc
Examines circadian rhythms and other forms of biological rhythmicity, including annual and tidal rhythms. Includes theoretical background as well as aspects that range from the molecular and cellular basis to the ecological and evolutionary implications of biological rhythms. Prerequisite: BIOL 350 or BIOL 355.

BIOL 419 Data Science for Biologists (4) RSN
Explores, analyzes, and visualizes biological data sets using scientific computing software. Focuses on the foundations of data wrangling, data analysis, and statistics, particularly the development of automated techniques that are reproducible and scalable to large data sets. Offered: W.

BIOL 421 Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology of Animals (5) NSc
Explores the role of physiology in the ecology and evolution of animals. Special emphasis on how physiology influences responses to environmental change. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 356, or a minimum grade of 3.6 in BIOL 180 or BIOL 240.

BIOL 422 Physiology of Plant Behavior (3) NSc
Focuses on plant sensory mechanisms, transport and integration of information, and behavior in response to a variety of environmental stimuli. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140.

BIOL 423 Marine Ecological Processes (3) NSc
Studies the ecology of the oceans and coastal regions, emphasizing benthic communities common to the Pacific Northwest. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180 and BIOL 356, or BIOL 180 and FISH 250/BIOL 250/OCEAN 250, or a minimum grade of 3.4 in either BIOL 180 or BIOL 240.

BIOL 424 Plant Ecophysiology (5) NSc
Explores physiological mechanisms that underlie ecological observations, including how above- and below-ground microclimates develop and affect plant physiological processes. Discusses acclimation to environmental change along with species differences in physiological processes and plant's occupation of heterogeneous environments. Laboratories emphasize field measurement techniques. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, B BIO 180, TESC 120, T BIOL 120, ESRM 201, ESRM 162, or FISH 162. Offered: jointly with ESRM 478; W.

BIOL 425 Plant Physiology and Development (5) NSc
Expanded coverage of plant growth, nutrition, metabolism, and development. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140. Offered: W.

BIOL 426 Comparative Immunology (3) NSc
Comparison of immune sensing mechanisms across kingdoms. Topics include function and evolution of plant, animal, invertebrate, and bacterial immune systems. Emphasizes practical skills in bioinformatics and protein structural analysis. Prerequisite: either BIOL 354, BIOL 355, GENOME 361, or GENOME 371. Offered: W.

BIOL 427 Biomechanics (5) NSc
Physical biology emphasizing a mechanical approach to ecological, evolutionary, and physiological questions. Basic principles underlying fluid and solid mechanics to explore responses of animals to flows, loads, and motions. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140; either MATH 125 or Q SCI 292; either PHYS 114 or PHYS 121.

BIOL 428 Sensory Neurophysiology and Ecology Lab (5) NSc
Examines behavioral and physiological processes within an environmental framework. Uses a synthetic approach emphasizing applications to cell biology, physiology and behavior, and biomechanics. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350 or BIOL 355.

BIOL 429 Organ Development, Homeostasis and Regeneration (3)
How essential organ systems are built during development and maintained throughout life. Analyses of selected organs (heart, limbs, and skin) in vertebrate model organisms. Examines the promise that regeneration-competent systems hold for improving outcomes after severe organ damage in humans. Prerequisite: BIOL 355; and either BIOL 401, BIOL 405, BIOL 411, BIOC 405, or BIOC 440. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 430 Marine Zoology (5) NSc
Survey of groups of invertebrate animals represented in the San Juan Archipelago; natural history, functional morphology, ecology, distribution, habitat, adaptation, trophic interrelationships, and evolution. Course overlaps with: FISH 310. Prerequisite: BIOL 445, which must be taken concurrently; permission of Friday Harbor director. Offered: jointly with FHL 430.

BIOL 431 Biology of Cannabinoids (1) NSc
Focuses on the plant biochemistry of and human biology interaction with cannabinoid compounds such as those found in the genus Cannabis. Prerequisite: Any one of BIOL 313, BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, BIOL 356, BIOL 360, or BIOL 380. Offered: A.

BIOL 432 Marine Invertebrate Zoology (9) NSc
Comparative morphology and biology of marine invertebrates with emphasis on field and laboratory studies. Representatives of all major and most minor phyla are collected, observed live, and studied in detail. Taken at Friday Harbor Laboratories. Cannot be taken if credit received for BIOL 434. Course overlaps with: FISH 310. Offered: jointly with FHL 432; S.

BIOL 433 Marine Ecology (5) NSc
Study of marine ecological processes such as recruitment, disturbance, competition, and predation, and their effects on the structure and diversity of marine communities. Weekend field trips to local intertidal habitats required. Prerequisite: either FISH 270/OCEAN 270/MARBIO 270, BIOL 356, BIOL 472, or a minimum grade of 3.4 in either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120 Offered: jointly with MARBIO 433.

BIOL 434 Invertebrate Zoology (5) NSc
Comparative biology and morphology of invertebrates. Laboratory work emphasizes structures and functions. Emphasizes annelids and related worms, mollusks, and arthropods. Cannot be taken if credit received for either FHL 430/BIOL 430 or FHL 432/BIOL 432. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140.

BIOL 435 Research Apprenticeship in Marine Science (15) NSc
Immersive quarter in research n close collaboration with one-three faculty mentors on a specific topic that varies with the apprenticeship. Students engage in laboratory or field research in marine science, involving gathering, analyzing, and communicating results as part of a research team. Offered: jointly with FHL 435/MARBIO 435; ASpS.

BIOL 436 Molecular Cell Biology of Protozoan Parasites (3)
Explores the cell biology of protozoan parasites including Giardia, Entamoeba, Toxoplasma, Trypanosomes, and Plasmodium. These parasites have been under immense selective pressure and as a result have evolved fascinating means for transmission and evasion of the immune system. Prerequisite: a minimum grade of 2.0 in BIOL 355.

BIOL 438 Analytical Paleobiology (5) NSc
Introduction to the principles and analytical methods in the study of paleobiology, morphology, and systematics. Topics include paleobiogeography, morphology-based phylogenetics, evolutionary rates, biodiversity curves, functional morphology, morphometrics, and paleoecology. Emphasis on application of methods using fossil and modern specimens. Prerequisite: either BIOL 280, BIOL 354, or ESS 213. Offered: jointly with ESS 448; A.

BIOL 439 Functional Morphology (5) NSc
Uses mammals as a model system to investigate functional morphology. Focus on discussing primary literature, modern methodological tools used in functional morphology, and group research projects. Research-intensive format allows students to conduct research projects using resources and specimens in the Biology Department and Burke mammalogy collection. Prerequisite: BIOL 443, BIOL 448, BIOL 452, BIOL 453, or 3.0 in BIOL 350, or permission of instructor. Offered: A.

BIOL 440 General Mycology (5) NSc
General survey of the fungi with emphasis on life cycles, structure, physiology, economic importance. Prerequisite: BIOL 180.

BIOL 441 Trends in Land Plant Evolution (5) NSc
Covers key innovations and trends during the evolution of land plants. Uses an evolution of development (evo-devo) approach that compares morphological, anatomical, developmental, and molecular traits across main evolutionary lineages of plants. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140; and either BIOL 317, BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, or BIOL 356. Offered: A.

BIOL 442 Genetics of Plant Innovations (3)
Genetic and mechanistic underpinnings of plant evolution and the evolution of development approach. Prerequisite: BIOL 220; recommended: either evolution from a course at the level of BIOL 354, or molecular biology/genetics from a course at the level of BIOL 355. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 443 Evolution of Mammals and their Ancestors (5) NSc
Highlights the evolutionary history and systematics of mammals and their ancestors. Examines fossil and modern mammal specimens from the Burke Museum collections. Required field trip. Prerequisite: either BIOL 354, BIOL 453, or ESS 100. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 444 Ornithology (5) NSc
Field, lecture, and laboratory study of birds from an evolutionary perspective. Emphasizes taxonomy, breeding systems, brood parasitism, appearance, molt, migration, orientation, social behavior, song, and flight. Includes Saturday and weekend field trips for which students are required to share a portion of transportation costs. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140.

BIOL 445 Marine Botany (5) NSc
Survey of plants represented in marine environments; natural history; ecology, distribution, habitat, adaptation, and trophic interrelationships. Taken at Friday Harbor laboratories. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, B BIO 220, or TESC 140; BIOL 430, which must be taken concurrently. Offered: jointly with FHL 440.

BIOL 446 Plant Classification and Identification (5) NSc
Explores the classification and diversity of seed plants; concepts and principles of phylogeny and classification; lab and field study of common plant families in SA国际传媒; and skill development for identification of species. One field trip. Offered: SpS.

BIOL 447 The Greening of the Earth: Influence of Plants on the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems (5) NSc
Examines the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems focusing on how abiotic factors such as climate change have shaped the evolution of vegetation on earth, and how the evolution of vegetation has influenced the evolution of animals. Introduces paleoecological techniques using Burke Museum plant fossils. Prerequisite: either BIOL 354 or ESS 213. Offered: A.

BIOL 448 Mammalogy (5) NSc
Studies evolutionary patterns, ecology, behavior, physiology, and taxonomy of mammals. Relies on a comparative, systems approach to understand the major trends and mechanisms maintaining the diversity in form and function in mammals. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, or BIOL 356.

BIOL 449 Applied Phylogenetics (3) NSc
Emphasizes the estimation of species trees - multilocus estimates of species or population relationships as opposed to genealogies of alleles. Provides students with the computation and bioinformatics skills needed to apply new phylogenetic techniques that can accommodate larger, more complex data sets. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in BIOL 354.

BIOL 450 Vertebrate Paleontology (5) NSc
Examines fossil vertebrate life, focusing on systematics and morphology of major lineages (fish, reptiles, bird, and early mammal relatives). Examines fossil and modern vertebrates from the Burke Museum collection in the lab. Weekend field trip. Prerequisite: either BIOL 354, BIOL 452, BIOL 453 or ESS 100. Offered: jointly with ESS 452.

BIOL 451 Invertebrate Paleontology (5) NSc
Important larger invertebrate groups; morphology, classification, stratigraphic distribution, evolution, paleoecology. Offered: jointly with ESS 451.

BIOL 452 Vertebrate Biology (5) NSc
The biology of vertebrate animals, emphasizing their diversity, adaptations, and evolutionary history. Introduces aspects of behavior, physiology, morphology, and ecology that emerge from the comparative study of vertebrates. Laboratory includes local field trips, films, and introduction to regional vertebrate fauna. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120. Offered: SpS.

BIOL 453 Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates (5) NSc
Comparison of the structure of vertebrate organ systems: integument, skeletal, muscle, digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary, and reproductive, with an emphasis on evolutionary trends. Course overlaps with: T BIOL 320. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 355, BIOL 452, or BIOL 467. Offered: W.

BIOL 454 Molecular Mechanisms of Somatosensation: Itch, Touch, Heat, and Pain (3) NSc
Tactile discrimination, chronic itch, heat sensation and pain sensitivity among other aspects of skin sensory function. Readings from primary research. Prerequisite: BIOL 350 or BIOL 355. Offered: A.

BIOL 455 Human Immunology and pathology of infectious diseases: the continuing battle (4) NSc
Focuses on the immune system as the co-evolutionary center of a struggle between animals and pathogens in regards to human life within a germ-infested world. Deep discussion of the immune system, vaccines, pathogens (focusing on viruses) and how the battle between good and evil needs a healthy balance. Focuses on the biological aspects of cellular and system-wide defense against pathogens. Prerequisite: BIOL 350, 355, or 356. Offered: ASp.

BIOL 457 Chemical Communication (4) NSc
Exploration of how chemical signals are produced, transported, and influence behavior of microbes, plants, and animals. Synthetic approach, with emphasis on applications to cell biology, neurobiology, and ecology. Prerequisite: either a minimum grade of 2.5 in either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140, or a minimum grade of 2.0 in BIOL 350.

BIOL 458 Behavioral Genetics (4) NSc
Overview of the human genome and role of genetic and environmental influences on neurobehavioral traits and mental health outcomes. Covers techniques for quantifying genetic variation, behavior, and gene expression. Prerequisite: a minimum grade of 3.0 in both PSYCH 202 and PSYCH 209, or a minimum grade of 2.0 in BIOL 180. Offered: jointly with PSYCH 458.

BIOL 459 Developmental Neurobiology (3) NSc
Invertebrate and vertebrate examples illustrate the mechanisms used in constructing nervous systems. Focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie questions about the basis of neuronal diversity, axonal pathfinding and target recognition, synaptogenesis, and activity-dependent plasticity. Course overlaps with: NEUSCI 302. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 350 or BIOL 355. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 460 Mammalian Physiology (3) NSc
Principles of mammalian physiology with special emphasis on the cardiac, respiratory, renal systems taught at the organ and organ systems level. Prerequisite: a minimum grade of 2.5 either BIOL 350 or NBIO 301.

BIOL 461 Neurobiology (3) NSc
Examination of neuronal function with a focus on sensory systems, research techniques, neurological disease and potential therapeutics. Discussion of primary literature highlights new data related to neurological disease. Course overlaps with: NEUSCI 301. Prerequisite: BIOL 220; and either PHYS 115 or PHYS 122. Offered: W.

BIOL 462 Advanced Animal Physiology (3) NSc
Physiology at levels of organisms and behavior, organ systems, and cells - an evolutionary and integrative perspective. Organismal physiology: metabolism, temperature, locomotion, osmoregulation, respiration, circulation, digestion. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 350 or NBIO 301.

BIOL 463 Advanced Animal Physiology Lab (3) NSc
Experimental design and techniques, data analysis, written reports. Original project labs and experiments in physiology. Prerequisite: BIOL 462, which may be taken concurrently.

BIOL 464 Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Seminar (2) NSc
Molecular mechanisms of cancer and therapeutic strategies designed to treat cancer. Additional focus on intersection of medicine and society, including racial health disparities, patient ethics, and informed consent. Course overlaps with: B HLTH 225. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350 or BIOL 355.

BIOL 465 Comparative Endocrinology (3) NSc
Hormonal integration of living processes at all levels in animals: molecules, cells, organs, organisms, populations. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or BIOL 240

BIOL 466 Pathobiology of Emerging Diseases (3) NSc
Examination of the causes, alterations in cellular function, and remediation of emerging diseases in plants and animals from a global perspective. Includes weekly scientific papers. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 355, BIOL 356, or BIOL 380.

BIOL 467 Comparative Animal Physiology (3) NSc
Studies organismal function in an evolutionary context. Uses a variety of animals to highlight transitions in metabolism, muscle function, respiration, circulation, digestion, excretion, and ion regulation. Course overlaps with: FHL 471/BIOL 471. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, B BIO 220, or T BIOL 140.

BIOL 468 Ecology of Animal Movement (4) NSc
How organisms move in response to their environment. Key concepts at the interface of behavioral ecology, physiology and geography. Intensive introduction into the ecology and analysis of animal movements. Prerequisite: either BIOL 419, BIOL 472, CSE 121, CSE 122. CSE 123, CSE 142, CSE 160, CSE 180, ESRM 451/Q SCI 451, FISH 458/Q SCI 458, Q SCI 482, Q SCI 483, or QERM 514. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 469 Evolution and Medicine (3) NSc
Responds to new applications of evolutionary biology in medicine, now being discovered at an accelerating rate. Emphasizes medically relevant aspects of evolutionary biology. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120.

BIOL 471 Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Marine Organisms (5) NSc
Challenges and opportunities presented by the marine environment. Relationship between organismal form and physiological function in marine animals and plants. Field trips for collection of live local organisms. Physiology experiments and CT scanning. Offered at Friday Harbor Laboratories. Course overlaps with: BIOL 467 and FISH 324. Prerequisite: either BIOL 220, BIOL 240, or FISH 270/MARBIO 270/OCEAN 270; recommended: Q SCI 381 or equivalent. Offered: jointly with FHL 471; A.

BIOL 472 Community Ecology (5) NSc
Covers the forces that structure ecological communities (e.g. speciation / migration, the environment, species interactions) as well as anthropogenic impacts on ecological communities. Course time includes the reading of primary literature, discussions, lectures, data collection (in the field and lab) and data analysis. Includes mandatory field trips to local field sites. Prerequisite: BIOL 356.

BIOL 473 Limnology (3) NSc
Ecology, conservation, and management of inland aquatic ecosystems. Explores interactions among biological, chemical, and physical features of lakes and other aquatic habitats. Course overlaps with: BES 330. Prerequisite: BIOL 180. Offered: jointly with FISH 473; A.

BIOL 474 Limnology Laboratory (2) NSc
Examination of biota of fresh waters, survey of limnological methods, analysis of data, and writing of scientific papers. Course overlaps with: BES 330. Prerequisite: BIOL 473/FISH 473/CEE 462, which may be taken concurrently. Offered: jointly with CEE 463/FISH 474; A.

BIOL 475 Paleobiology Field Methods and Research (3-5) NSc
Introduces field methods and research in various areas of biology, e.g., paleontology, ecology, climate change, and mycology. Includes two or more weeks away from campus at field site. Offered: jointly with ESS 449; S.

BIOL 476 Conservation Biology (3) NSc
Covers conservation of biological diversity in its many forms and dimensions. Explores biological diversity, the threats to biological diversity, and past and current approaches to reversing those threats and their pros and cons. Discusses conservation interventions critically in the cultural context of colonialism, as well as the concept of evidence-based science. Prerequisite: BIOL 180; recommended: introductory ecology course (BIOL 356 or equivalent).

BIOL 477 Seminar in Marine Biology (3) NSc
Reviews current research in marine biology. Emphasizes critical readings and discussion of primary literature. Prerequisite: FISH 250, OCEAN 250, or BIOL 250; Q SCI 381, STAT 220, or STAT 311. Offered: jointly with FISH 477/OCEAN 477; W.

BIOL 478 Topics in Sustainable Fisheries (3, max. 9) SSc/NSc
Seminar series featuring local, national, and internationally known speakers in fisheries management and conservation. Conservation/restoration in practice. Pre-seminar discussion section focusing on select readings. Topics may include harvest management, whaling, by-catch, salmon, marine protected areas, introduced species, citizen action, co-management, and marine ethics. Offered: jointly with ENVIR 478/FISH 478.

BIOL 479 Research in Marine Biology (1-15, max. 15)
Individual research on topics in marine biology. Research projects supervised by an individual faculty member. Projects may include laboratory work, fieldwork, and literature surveys. Prerequisite: BIOL 250/FISH 250/OCEAN 250; Q SCI 381. Offered: jointly with FISH 479/MARBIO 479/OCEAN 479; AWSpS.

BIOL 480 Field Ecology (4) NSc
Field projects examining ecological and behavioral topics such as foraging and social behavior, species interactions, and structure of terrestrial and aquatic communities. Two weekend fieldtrips required. Prerequisite: either BIOL 356 or a minimum grade of 3.0 in either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 481 Experimental Evolutionary Ecology (5) NSc
Explores experimentally approachable questions in ecology and evolution through lectures, laboratory, and field experiments. Topics may include evolution of bacterial antibiotic resistance, the evolution of virulence, seed predation, plant biodiversity, and others. Prerequisite: either BIOL 180, BIOL 240, B BIO 180, or T BIOL 120. Offered: A.

BIOL 482 Advanced Experimental Evolutionary Ecology (2-5, max. 15) NSc
Working in pairs or independently, students pursue supervised original field or laboratory research projects. Projects span three academic quarters, with project development beginning in autumn, research continuing in winter, and culminating in spring with production of a scientific paper. Prerequisite: BIOL 180, which must be taken concurrently. Offered: WSpS.

BIOL 483 Senior Seminar in Paleobiology (1, max. 6)
Supervised readings and group discussion. Prerequisite: either BIOL 443, BIOL 447, BIOL 450/ESS 452, BIOL 451/ESS 452, ESS 450, BIO A 388, or ARCHY 470.

BIOL 485 Senior Seminar in Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Biology (1-3, max. 9) NSc
Supervised readings and group discussion. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.0 in either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, BIOL 356, BIOC 405, BIOC 406, BIOC 440, BIOC 441, or BIOC 442.

BIOL 486 Seminar in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation (1-3, max. 9) NSc
Supervised readings and group discussion. Prerequisite: either BIOL 315, BIOL 354, BIOL 356, or BIOL 472.

BIOL 487 Seminar in Integrative Biology (1-3, max. 9) NSc
Supervised readings and group discussion. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, BIOL 356 or BIOL 359.

BIOL 488 Seminar in Physiology (1-3, max. 9) NSc
Supervised readings and group discussion. Prerequisite: BIOL 350 or BIOL 355.

BIOL 489 Seminar in Plant Biology (1-3, max. 9) NSc
Supervised readings and group discussion. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, BIOL 356, or BIOL 359.

BIOL 492 Teaching Biology Inclusively to Diverse Audiences (3) SSc, DIV
Designed to help biology students gain skills in disseminating science information to students at any level, patients, and the public. Pays special attention to making STEM education accessible to underrepresented populations. Includes hands-on practice in variety of learning strategies and teaching practices. Prerequisite: either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, BIOL 356, or NBIO 301.

BIOL 493 Study Abroad - Advanced Biology (1-18, max. 18) NSc
For participants in UW Study Abroad program. Specific content varies and must be individually evaluated. Credit does not apply to major requirements without approval.

BIOL 494 Controversies in Biology and Society (4) NSc/SSc
Explorations of controversies in biology and society that benefit from a biological perspective. Topics vary from quarter to quarter, but include cases from biological research, communication, education, and policy. Course overlaps with: INTSCI 200. Prerequisite: Either BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, or BIOL 356 Offered: W.

BIOL 495 Biology of Fermentation (3) NSc
Practical application of biology and chemistry in beer and winemaking. Students learn to culture yeast, ferment foods, brew beer from malted grains, and perform chemical analysis of wine must. Prerequisite: either BIOL 310, BIOL 313, BIOL 340, BIOL 350, BIOL 354, BIOL 355, BIOL 356, BIOL 360, BIOL 380, BIOC 405, BIOC 426, BIOC 440, or BIOC 450. Offered: jointly with BIOC 495; W.

BIOL 496 Special Topics in Field Biology (1-5, max. 10)

BIOL 497 Special Topics in Biology (1-5, max. 10) NSc

BIOL 498 Library Research (1-5, max. 10)

BIOL 499 Undergraduate Research (1-20, max. 20)

BIOL 500 Topics in Biology (1-3, max. 16)

BIOL 501 Topics in Biological Instruction (1-2, max. 10)
Focused discussion of on-going research in instructional methods for life science courses. Credit/no-credit only.

BIOL 502 Grant Writing (2-4, max. 8)
Introduces the steps of compiling a successful grant proposal, using the NSF graduate fellowship as a template. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 504 Mentored Scientific Reading and Analysis (2/4, max. 16)
Introduce graduate students to theory, methods, and current research in a biological discipline, and provides structured opportunity for students to practice scientific discourse. Graduate status required, or permission of instructor for undergraduates. Topics vary.

BIOL 505 Evidence-Based Teaching in Biology: Teaching for Equity in STEM (1-3, max. 10)
Designed to help STEM graduate students gain skills in teaching at any level, from undergraduate to the public. Pays special attention to making STEM education accessible to minoritized populations. Includes hands-on practice in a variety of learning strategies and teaching practices.

BIOL 506 Scientific Manuscript Writing (4)
Introduces the writing of scientific articles. Students write a scientific manuscript, cover letter, and identify a journal for submission. Offered: W.

BIOL 507 Novel Methods for Cell, Mechano-, and Developmental Biologists (2)
New technological advances and research methods supporting research in cell, mechano-, and developmental Biology. Enables students to practice scientific discourse and for scientific networking. Credit/no-credit only.

BIOL 508 Developing Evidence-Based Instructional Materials and Teaching Strategies (2)
Helps students develop a lesson within their discipline that is suitable for implementation in a job interview that requests a demonstration of teaching. Participants also gain broadly applicable skills in evidence-based teaching and backward course design.

BIOL 509 Practicing Evidence-Based Instructional Materials and Teaching Strategies (2)
Practical opportunity for students interested in high-level teaching methods for diverse student populations. Students apply teaching skills in an undergraduate University of SA国际传媒 department. Prerequisite: BIOL 508 or MCB 508; recommended: BIOL 505.

BIOL 511 Topics in Mathematical Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Discussion of current topics in mathematical biology. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 519 Data Science for Biologists (4)
Explores, analyzes, and visualizes biological data sets using scientific computing software. Focuses on the foundations of data wrangling, data analysis, and statistics, particularly the development of automated techniques that are reproducible and scalable to large data sets. Offered: W.

BIOL 520 Departmental Seminar (1, max. 18)
Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 531 Topics in Biology Education Research (1, max. 6)
On-going research in biology education in the instructor's laboratory or other laboratories engaged in biology education research. Registration limited to students already affiliated with one of these research laboratories. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 533 Advanced Organismal Biology (9)
Advanced study and research in organismal biology. Emphasizes marine organisms and habitats of the San Juan Archipelago. Includes individual research projects. Prerequisite: permission of Director of Friday Harbor Laboratories. Offered: S.

BIOL 536 Comparative Invertebrate Embryology (9)
Studies diversity in developmental patterns in major marine taxa. Analyzes evolutionary changes in development, with emphasis on observation of live embryos and larvae. Offered: jointly with FHL 536; S.

BIOL 540 Seminar in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Weekly discussions of past and current scientific literature in cell, molecular, and/or developmental biology, review of the state of the field, and presentation of research results. Discussions may cover the full breadth of the discipline or focus on selected topics.

BIOL 541 Topics in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Focused discussion of on-going cell, molecular, or developmental biology research occurring in the instructor's laboratory. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 542 Analysis of Development (1-3, max. 15)
Analysis of structural, physiological, and molecular levels of developmental processes, including gametogenesis, fertilization, cell and tissue movements, induction, and cytodifferentiation. Graduate standing or permission of instructor.

BIOL 543 Biology of Drosophila Seminar (1, max. 12)
Weekly presentation by participants of classical literature, current literature, and research in the molecular biology, developmental biology, neurobiology, and genetics of Drosophila. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 544 Evolution of Photosynthesis (3)
Focuses on the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotic cells. Interactive discussions target the morphological, genetic, and biochemical consequences of progenitor cell specialization within extant taxa.

BIOL 545 MCD-Biology Professional Skills Seminar (1, max. 6)
Presentations of past or planned research in molecular, cellular, or developmental biology. Participants give presentations in either professional-meeting or chalk-talk formats. Uses written and oral evaluations by audience to focus on scientific content as well as presentation skills. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 546 Plant Classification and Identification (5)
Explores the classification and diversity of seed plants; concepts and principles of phylogeny and classification; lab and field study of common plant families in SA国际传媒; and skill development for identification of species. Annotated bibliography relying on original literature to demonstrate depth of understanding of one taxonomic group. One field trip. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 550 Seminar in Evolution and Systematics (1-3, max. 15)
Weekly discussions of past and current scientific literature in evolution and/or systematics, reviews of the state of the field, and presentation of research results. Discussions may cover the full breadth of the discipline or focus on selected topics.

BIOL 551 Topics in Evolution and Systematics (1-3, max. 24)
Focused discussion of on-going research in evolution and/or systematics occurring in the instructor's laboratory. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 552 Advanced Evolution ([2-5]-, max. 10)
Successful analytical approaches to understanding evolutionary patterns and the processes that generate them, examined by using a wide array of empirical and theoretical tools. Survey of how theory, modeling, and statistics can be applied to observations and experiments in evolutionary biology.

BIOL 553 Applied Phylogenetics (3)
Survey of methods for estimating phylogenetic trees. Covers theory and use of phylogeny in comparative biology. Computer labs focus on analyzing real data to answer relevant biological questions. Strong computer skills necessary. Includes weekly discussions of scientific papers and an individual research project. Prerequisite: minimum grade of 2.5 in BIOL 354.

BIOL 554 Racism in Neuroscience (4)
Explores how power, colonization, and racism influence our conceptualization of neuroscience as an enterprise of knowledge production. Investigates topics such as eugenics, medical racism, contemporary diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives, and bias in artificial intelligence (AI). Connects systems of oppression to the modern practice of the neurosciences. Offered: jointly with PSYCH 554.

BIOL 555 Introduction to Graduate Research in Paleobiology (1)
Introduction to paleobiology techniques and resources. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: jointly with ESS 558; A.

BIOL 557 Vertebrate Paleontology (5)
Examines the biology of vertebrate animals, emphasizing their diversity, adaptations, and evolutionary history. Introduces aspects of behavior, physiology, morphology, and ecology that emerge from the comparative study of vertebrates. Laboratory includes local field trips and introduction to regional vertebrate fauna. Offered: jointly with ESS 557.

BIOL 560 Seminar in Ecology (1-3, max. 15)
Weekly discussions of past and current scientific literature in ecology, reviews of the state of the field, and presentation of research results. Discussions may cover the full breadth of the discipline or focus on selected topics.

BIOL 561 Topics in Ecology (1-3, max. 15)
Focused discussion of on-going research in ecology occurring in the instructor's laboratory. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 563 Experimental Evolutionary Ecology (5)
Explores experimentally approachable questions in ecology and evolution through lectures, lab, and field experiments. Topics may include evolution of bacterial antibiotic resistance, the evolution of virulence, seed predation, plant biodiversity, and others. Corequisite: BIOL 481. Offered: A.

BIOL 564 Advanced Experimental Evolutionary Ecology (2-5, max. 15)
Working independently or paired with an undergraduate in BIOL 482, students pursue supervised original field or laboratory research projects. Projects span three academic quarters, with project development beginning in autumn, research continuing in winter, and culminating in spring with production of a scientific paper. Prerequisite: BIOL 563, which may be taken concurrently. Offered: AWSp.

BIOL 565 Community Ecology (5)
Covers the complexity of biological communities as influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, as wells as the impact of human activities, like global warming, on communities.

BIOL 567 Topics in Advanced Ecology (3, max. 6)
Discusses literature on active research areas or controversies in different branches of ecology. Offered: jointly with FISH 567/SEFS 567; W.

BIOL 568 Ecology of Animal Movement (4)
How organisms move in response to their environment. Key concepts and analytical methods at the interface of behavioral ecology, physiology, and geography. Intensive introduction into the ecology and analysis of animal movements. Offered: Sp.

BIOL 570 Seminar in Conservation Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Weekly discussions of past and current scientific literature in conservation biology, reviews of the state of the field, and presentation of research results. Discussions may cover the full breadth of the discipline or focus on selected topics. tes.

BIOL 571 Topics in Conservation Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Focused discussion of on-going research in conservation biology occurring in the instructor's laboratory. Graduate status required, or permission of instructor for undergraduates. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 580 Seminar in Physiology (1-3, max. 15)
Weekly discussions of past and current scientific literature in physiology, reviews of the state of the field, and presentation of research results. Discussions may cover the full breadth of the discipline or focus on selected topics.

BIOL 581 Topics in Physiology (1-3, max. 15)
Focused discussion of on-going research in physiology occurring in the instructor's laboratory. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 583 Physiological Mechanisms of Histology (5)
Develops recognition of cellular structures with correlations to normal physiology and disease states. Lab projects cover harvesting, sectioning, staining, and mounting tissue. Includes weekly scientific papers.

BIOL 590 Seminar in Organismal Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Weekly discussions of past and current scientific literature in organismal biology, reviews of the state of the field, and presentation of research results. Discussions may cover the full breadth of the discipline or focus on selected topics.

BIOL 591 Topics in Organismal Biology (1-3, max. 15)
Focused discussion of on-going research in organismal biology occurring in the the instructor's laboratory. This is a lab meeting, so registration is limited to students already affiliated with this research laboratory.

BIOL 600 Independent Study or Research ([1-10]-)
Credit/no-credit only.

BIOL 700 Master's Thesis (*-)
Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSpS.

BIOL 800 Doctoral Dissertation (*-)
Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSpS.